Pumping unit



P 1944. A B. HENDERSON I 2,358,974

PUMPING UNIT Original Filed April 7, 1941 3 Sheets-Sheet l Inventor 7,Bee lyenafersa zz/ Sept. 2 1944.

HENDERSON PUM ING uni'r Originl Filed April '7, 1941 3 Sheets-Sheet 2Inventor Bee f/eza rsow v Sept. 26, 1944. B. HENDERSON 2,358,974

PUMPING UNIT Original Filed April 7, 1941 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 i I @i I :EI.5 li 1 i g l 44} 4 I A (I: l a 7 I o r /2 6. I Irwektor Patented Sept.26, 1944 PUMPING UNIT Bee Henderson, Dryden, Tex.

Original application April 7, 1941 Serial No. 387,304.- Divided and thisapplication March 16, 1943. Serial No. 479,365

2 Claims.

My invention relatesto improvements in well pumping means of the typefeatured in' my copending application, Serial No. 387,304, filed April'7, 1941, now Patent No. 2,316,429, and of which the instant applicationis a division.

The principal object of the instant invention is to provide an invertedcylinder pumping unit .designed for operation by a cable, as a powertransmitting medium, instead of rods, and which utilizes the weight ofthe liquid being pumped for returning the pumping pistons, is simpleinconstruction and highly efficient in operation' Other objects andadvantages, together with the precise nature of my improvements, will bereadily understood when the succeeding description and claims are readwith reference to the drawings accompanying andforming part of thisspecification. c

-In said drawings:

Figure 1 is a view in vertical section of th lower part of a well casingand the upper and lower portions of my improved pumpin unit.

7 Figure 2 is a similar fragmentary view drawn to an enlarged scale.

Figure 3 is another similar fragmentary view taken through the lowerportion of the well casing and pumping unit anddrawn to a furtherenlarged scale.

Figure 4 is a view in transverse section taken on the line 4-4 of Figure1 and drawn to an enlarged scale.

Figur 5 is a similar view taken on 5-5 of Figure 1.

Figure 6 is a view in perspective of one of the compression cup dividersdrawn to an enlarged scale, and w Figure 7 is a fragmentary view in sideelevation the line of the compression cup holder of the lower portion ofthe unit.

Reference being had to the drawings by numerals, the well casing 5,according to my invention, has threaded thereon a tapering, tubingcompression cup holder 6 at the lower end thereof against which bearsthe bottom compression cup 1 which is tapered in conformity with the cupholder-6 and engages the lower end of the casing 5. The compression cup1 spacedly surrounds a beveled annulus 8 engaging the lower end of thelower pump cylinder, designated 9, and rests on the horizontal flange H]of said cup I, as best shown in Figure 3. The flange l rests on abeveled lateral annular flange ll formed on the lower end of thecompression cup retainer l2 which is threaded into the lower end of thelower barrel 9 of thepump.

The upper end .ofthe ;-lowerpump-barrel 9 is threaded on the lower partof the splicetsleeve 13 on whose upper part is threaded the slottedtubing I4 provided with the circumferentially spaced, verticallyelongated openings 15. The upper end of the slotted'tubing I4 isthreaded on the lower part of the divider I 6 on whose upper part isthreaded'the lower end of the upper barrel I! of the pumping unit. v IThe parts 18, 19,10 and 2| comprise means for anchoring the pumping unitin the well casing 5 against upward movement therein while allowingdownward movement thereof inv said casing and need merely beidentifiedin passing. 7 t

The operating cable 22 depends through the well casin from the surfacemachinery, not shown, and passes downwardlythrough the upper'end ofthe-upper barrel. l1, said cable being connected at its lower end in theopening 23 in the upper part of the invertedcup-shaped member 24which'forms thetop of the upper pumping cylinder, generally designated25,- and which is threaded into the skirt of the element 24, as shown inFigure 2. The upper pumping cylinder has a Verticallymovable spool-check26 therein, the bottom of the said cylinder being pros} vided with arelatively large opening 21- tapped bya seat 28 with which the spoolcheck 26 is adapted to engage in its depressed position to close theopening '21. The lowerv part ofthe vpumping cylinder 25 has a lateralannular flange 29 above which are stacked several sets of-compressioncup dividersv 30 and compression cups 3| which slidably engage theinterior wall of the upper barrel l1. I a

Threaded into the-depending portion of the compression cup retainerflange His-the upper end of the valve holder 32whichis in the form of acup providing a chamber below'th bottom of the pumping cylinder 25 forOperation of another spool check valve 33 which, in its depressedposition, rests on a seat 34 formed around the upper end of anaxial-opening 35 provided in the bottom of the holder 32, into the lowerpart of which opens the upper end of a relatively'small diameter tube 36threaded into said holder. The holder 32 is provided with;circumferentially spaced radial openings 31 in the side wall thereof. Asimilar but more elevated opening 26' is provided in the side wall ofthe'upperpumping cylinder 25. The aforesaid tub 36 slides downwardlythrough an axial opening 38in the divider l6 and through compressioncups and retainers formed in a unit 39 and attached to the lower end ofthe divider l6 within the slotted tubing M.

The lower end of the said tube 36 is threaded into the hole 40 in thecenter of an inverted cupshaped upper element 4| of the lower pumpingpiston designated 42. The skirt of the element 4| is threaded on theupper end of the compression cup holder 43 which is relatively large indiameter and tubular in form-and is-.provided on its lower 'end with alateral annular flange 44 exteriorly beveled, as indicated by numeral45. The flange 44 supports above it, on the exterior of the compressioncup holder 43, a series of compression cup dividers 46, and compressioncups 4'! which engage the interior of the lower cup barrel 9 above thecompression cup retainer ing unit 42 through the openings l5 in theelement l4, which is the full pressure of the liquid in the tubing 5,forces the lower pumping unit and hence the upper pumping unitdownwardly. This creates a pressure in the chamber 50 which forces thespool check 33 to seat, or close, and forces the spool check valve 26 toan open position, thereby permitting liquid in .the chamber 50 to flowoutthrough the opening 26' in the upper pumping cylinder and into thechamber 52 which is exposedto the liquid in the tubing 5. Thus, theliquid is forced upwardly through l2 at the lower end of thelower'pumping barrel 9.

The construction and arrangement of parts described above definechambers 50 and =5! located above and below the divider l6,respectively, with'in 'the' lower partof the upper pump barrl I -l, landthe chamber --de'fined within the -*upper bar-rel f! above the upperpumping piston and directly exposed to the tubing pressure is generallydesignated 52, while the chamber '53 above the'lowe'r pumping piston 42and 'below theiliv-i cl'er "Ili-is generally -designa'te'd53, and isalso=dire'ctly exposed to thetubing pressure.

It will be noted t'hat 'the unit is of acne-piece solidconstructionwhich can be lowered into or miilled out of 'the wll without pulling thetubing. "Asan incideritto lowering of the unit into the bottom of thewe1l,'-the compression cup arrangement I, 33=fit-s lrito'an'd seals theopening in the compression cup holder 6, so as to prevent any pnthe-npperpump'ing cylinder, when said cable is pulled upwardlygall'ofthe described connected elements are pulled upwardlywith respect to theupper and lower pump barrels l1 and 9 and thereby provide for passage ofthe liquid from "the well "into thechamberjSO. 'T-hedivider I6 is soarranged that "a downward pressure is created blowi't in the lowerpumping barrel 9 on the upstroke of th'e cable so as to cause a downwardpressure toforce the working parts of the unit downwardly after thesurface powerfhas pulled the same upwardly and-let go.

As*'the-'cable 22:pul1sitheinnermoving parts of the unit upwardly,liquid is 'forced out of the chamber 53 through the-openings f5 in theslotted tubing 1 4 into the space 54 between the pumping unit and thewll *casing 5. As the movement'starts/the check spool 26 in the upperpumping cylinder seatsso 'asto close the opening 21 and thereby create'a'vacuum in the chamber 50. :As' the movement continues upwardly, pull-:ing'liquid through the bore of the tube 36, the spool-check 33 "isforced upwardly and unseated, thereby permitting the chamber'50 to"fill. The compression cup assembly 3 9 seals "the tubing "36 so thatliquid -in the chamber :53 cannot reach the chamber 50. These conditionsobtain until the upper and lower pumping units have been pulled t'otheztop of thelstroke. As the surface machinery rreleases the tension onthe cable 22, the Ifluid pressure exerted on the lower pun'zpthe tubing.

It may be explained, at this point, that the previously identifiedanchoring means are constructed'and arranged so that when the unit isbeing removed from the tubing, the upper pumping cylinder 25 releasesthe anchoring means, thereby releasing the unit as a whole for movementrelative to the tubing 5, so that the entire un'it c'an b'e hoisted orp'ulled out of the tubing -5,' "as occasiommay "require.

' 'The foregoing will, it is-believ'ed, suflice to'irnpart a clearunderstanding of 1 my invention without further explanation.

'Manif'estlygthe invention, as described, is suscepti bl'e ofmodification without departing from "the inventive concept, and right isherein re- 's'er-ved to such modifications as -fall within the scope ofthe appended claims;

What-I claimiis:

1. In "a 'wel'l'pumping unit including a casing, an'elonga'tedbarrelinthe lower'part'of'the cas- :ing spaced th'erefrom to form anannular space between said ca'sin'g and barrel, both endso'f the barrelb'eingo'pen, a divider dividing the barrel into 'upper and lowerchambers, an upper piston in the upper chamber, a lower piston 'inthel'ower chamber, the bottom of the *lower piston being openymeansforclosing the lower end of the annular space, packing means between eachpiston and the barrel, a valve cage connected. with the lower end -ofthe upper piston and having holes therein communicating the interior-"5fthe cage withthe upper chamber, theupper piston havin'g operfingstherein-Tor communicating the-upper portion thereof with the upper endof the"barrel and said upper piston having arr-opening in its lower en'dcommunicating the piston with the cage, a downwardly closing valve inthe upper piston controlling the opening. in the bottom thereof, a tubeconnecting the lower end of the cage with the upper end of the lowerpiston for the passage of fluid from the lower piston into the page, adownwardly closing valve in the cage for controlling communicationbetween the interior of the cage and the tube, means connected with theupper end of the upper piston for moving the two pistons and the tubeupwardly, the barrelhaving openings therein below the divider foradmitting fluid from the annular space into the lower chamber to causepressure of the fluid to act upon the lower piston to lower the pistonassembly when said-means'is slackened.

2. In awell'pumping unit including a casing, an elongated "barrel in thelower part of the casing spaced therefrom to 'form an annular spacebetween the casing and barrel, both ends of the barrel being open, 'adivider dividing the barrel into upper and lower chambers, an upperpiston in theupper chamber, alower piston in the lower chamber, "thebottom of the lower piston being onemmea'ns for "closing the lower endof the annular space, a valve cage connected with the lower end of theupper piston and communicatthe passage of fluid from the lower pistoninto the cage, a downwardly closing valve in the cage for controllingcommunication between the interior of the cage and the tube, the barrelhaving openings therein below the divider for admitting fluid from theannular space into the lower chamber to cause pressure of the fluid toact upon the lower piston to lower the piston assembly. BEE HENDERSON.

